Brightmail AntiSpam (BMI) suppport
Support for Brightmail AntiSpam is Experimental
Brightmail AntiSpam is a commercial package. Please see http://www.brightmail.com for more information on the product. For the sake of clarity, we'll refer to it as "BMI" from now on.
BMI concept and implementation overview
In contrast to how spam-scanning with SpamAssassin is implemented in exiscan-acl, BMI is more suited for per -recipient scanning of messages. However, each message is scanned only once, but multiple "verdicts" for multiple recipients can be returned from the BMI server. The exiscan implementation passes the message to the BMI server just before accepting it. It then adds the retrieved verdicts to the messages header file in the spool. These verdicts can then be queried in routers, where operation is per-recipient instead of per-message. To use BMI, you need to take the following steps:
These steps are explained in more details below.
1. Adding support for BMI at compile time
- To compile with BMI support, you need to link Exim against the Brighmail client SDK, consisting of a library (libbmiclient_single.so) and a header file (bmi_api.h). You'll also need to explicitly set a flag in the Makefile to include BMI support in the Exim binary. Both can be achieved with these lines in Local/Makefile:
EXPERIMENTAL_BRIGHTMAIL=yes CFLAGS=-I/path/to/the/dir/with/the/includefile EXTRALIBS_EXIM=-L/path/to/the/dir/with/the/library -lbmiclient_single
- If you use other CFLAGS or EXTRALIBS_EXIM settings then merge the content of these lines with them. Note for BMI6.x users: You'll also have to add -lxml2_single to the EXTRALIBS_EXIM line. Users of 5.5x do not need to do this. You should also include the location of libbmiclient_single.so in your dynamic linker configuration file (usually /etc/ld.so.conf) and run "ldconfig" afterwards, or else the produced Exim binary will not be able to find the library file.
2. Setting up BMI support in the Exim main configuration
- To enable BMI support in the main Exim configuration, you should set the path to the main BMI configuration file with the "bmi_config_file" option, like this:
bmi_config_file = /opt/brightmail/etc/brightmail.cfg
- This must go into section 1 of Exim's configuration file (You can put it right on top). If you omit this option, it defaults to /opt/brightmail/etc/brightmail.cfg. Note for BMI6.x users: This file is in XML format in V6.xx and its name is /opt/brightmail/etc/bmiconfig.xml. So BMI 6.x users MUST set the bmi_config_file option.
3. Set up ACL control statement
- To optimize performance, it makes sense only to process messages coming from remote, untrusted sources with the BMI server. To set up a messages for processing by the BMI server, you MUST set the "bmi_run" control statement in any ACL for an incoming message. You will typically do this in an "accept" block in the "acl_check_rcpt" ACL. You should use the "accept" block(s) that accept messages from remote servers for your own domain(s). Here is an example that uses the "accept" blocks from Exim's default configuration file:
accept domains = +local_domains
endpass
verify = recipient
control = bmi_run
accept domains = +relay_to_domains
endpass
verify = recipient
control = bmi_run- If bmi_run is not set in any ACL during reception of the message, it will NOT be passed to the BMI server.
4. Setting up routers to use BMI verdicts
- When a message has been run through the BMI server, one or more "verdicts" are present. Different recipients can have different verdicts. Each recipient is treated individually during routing, so you can query the verdicts by recipient at that stage. From Exim's view, a verdict can have the following outcomes:
- deliver the message normally
- deliver the message to an alternate location
- do not deliver the message
- To query the verdict for a recipient, the implementation offers the following tools:
- Boolean router preconditions. These can be used in any
- router. For a simple implementation of BMI, these may be all that you need. The following preconditions are available:
bmi_deliver_default
- This precondition is TRUE if the verdict for the recipient is to deliver the message normally. If the message has not been processed by the BMI server, this variable defaults to TRUE.
bmi_deliver_alternate
- This precondition is TRUE if the verdict for the recipient is to deliver the message to an alternate location. You can get the location string from the $bmi_alt_location expansion variable if you need it. See further below. If the message has not been processed by the BMI server, this variable defaults to FALSE.
bmi_dont_deliver
- This precondition is TRUE if the verdict for the recipient is NOT to deliver the message to the recipient. You will typically use this precondition in a top-level blackhole router, like this:
# don't deliver messages handled by the BMI server
bmi_blackhole:
driver = redirect
bmi_dont_deliver
data = :blackhole:- This router should be on top of all others, so messages that should not be delivered do not reach other routers at all. If the message has not been processed by the BMI server, this variable defaults to FALSE.
- A list router precondition to query if rules "fired" on
- the message for the recipient. Its name is "bmi_rule". You use it by passing it a colon-separated list of rule numbers. You can use this condition to route messages that matched specific rules. Here is an example:
# special router for BMI rule #5, #8 and #11
bmi_rule_redirect:
driver = redirect
bmi_rule = 5:8:11
data = postmaster@mydomain.com- Expansion variables. Several expansion variables are set
- during routing. You can use them in custom router conditions, for example. The following variables are available:
$bmi_base64_verdict
- This variable will contain the BASE64 encoded verdict for the recipient being routed. You can use it to add a header to messages for tracking purposes, for example:
localuser:
driver = accept
check_local_user
headers_add = X-Brightmail-Verdict: $bmi_base64_verdict
transport = local_delivery- If there is no verdict available for the recipient being routed, this variable contains the empty string.
$bmi_base64_tracker_verdict
- This variable will contain a BASE64 encoded subset of the verdict information concerning the "rules" that fired on the message. You can add this string to a header, commonly named "X-Brightmail-Tracker". Example:
localuser:
driver = accept
check_local_user
headers_add = X-Brightmail-Tracker: $bmi_base64_tracker_verdict
transport = local_delivery- If there is no verdict available for the recipient being routed, this variable contains the empty string.
$bmi_alt_location
- If the verdict is to redirect the message to an alternate location, this variable will contain the alternate location string returned by the BMI server. In its default configuration, this is a header-like string that can be added to the message with "headers_add". If there is no verdict available for the recipient being routed, or if the message is to be delivered normally, this variable contains the empty string.
$bmi_deliver
- This is an additional integer variable that can be used to query if the message should be delivered at all. You should use router preconditions instead if possible.
$bmi_deliver is '0': the message should NOT be delivered. $bmi_deliver is '1': the message should be delivered.
- This is an additional integer variable that can be used to query if the message should be delivered at all. You should use router preconditions instead if possible.
- IMPORTANT NOTE: Verdict inheritance. The message is passed to the BMI server during message reception, using the target addresses from the RCPT TO: commands in the SMTP transaction. If recipients get expanded or re-written (for example by aliasing), the new address(es) inherit the verdict from the original address. This means that verdicts also apply to all "child" addresses generated from top-level addresses that were sent to the BMI server.
5. Using per-recipient opt-in information (Optional)
- The BMI server features multiple scanning "profiles" for individual recipients. These are usually stored in a LDAP server and are queried by the BMI server itself. However, you can also pass opt-in data for each recipient from the MTA to the BMI server. This is particularly useful if you already look up recipient data in Exim anyway (which can also be stored in a SQL database or other source). This implementation enables you to pass opt-in data to the BMI server in the RCPT ACL. This works by setting the 'bmi_optin' modifier in a block of that ACL. If should be set to a list of comma-separated strings that identify the features which the BMI server should use for that particular recipient. Ideally, you would use the 'bmi_optin' modifier in the same ACL block where you set the 'bmi_run' control flag. Here is an example that will pull opt-in data for each recipient from a flat file called '/etc/exim/bmi_optin_data'. The file format:
user1@mydomain.com: <OPTIN STRING1>:<OPTIN STRING2>
user2@thatdomain.com: <OPTIN STRING3>- The example:
accept domains = +relay_to_domains
endpass
verify = recipient
bmi_optin = ${lookup{$local_part@$domain}\
lsearch{/etc/exim/bmi_optin_data}}
control = bmi_run- Of course, you can also use any other lookup method that Exim supports, including LDAP, Postgres, MySQL, Oracle etc., as long as the result is a list of colon-separated opt-in strings. For a list of available opt-in strings, please contact your Brightmail representative.